SRUTI & LAYA
Śruti types Canonically there are 22 śruti in the octave although systems with more or fewer śruti have been proposed. Here they are given in terms of just intonation, although many authors assume schismatic temperament implicitly.
There are infinite ratios, and therefore kinds of śrutis, in Indian music as there is full freedom; yet the classical values described are
- Chatuh śruti : 9/8
- Tri śruti : 10/9
- Dwi śruti : 16/15
- Single or Mono śruti : 81/80 which is called pramana śruti.
- 2:1 is taken as distance between same Swar śruti Sa to Sa, Re to Re Ga to Ga & likewise. this was placed on "4th śruti"
- 3:2 is distance between Sa & Pa that is ist tone & 5th tone. this was placed on "17th śruti"
- 4:3 is taken as distance between Sa & Ma Shuddha this was placed on "13th śruti"
- 5:4 is taken as distance between Sa & Ga Shuddha this was placed on "9th śruti"
- 6:5 is taken as distance between Sa & Ga Komal which was called teevra in old ages as moving Ga towards Re makes Re Suddha
Śruti Name
Ratio
Śruti Frequency(Hz)
Note Name
Note Frequency(Hz)
Swara
Kshobhini
1
466.1638
A#
466.1638
Shadja
Tivra
256/243
491.1026
B
493.8833
Komal Rishabh
Kumdavati
16/15
497.2414
Manda
10/9
517.9598
Chandovati
9/8
524.4343
C
523.2512
Shuddha Rishabh
Dayavanti
32/27
552.4904
C#
554.3653
Komal Gandhar
Ranjani
6/5
559.3966
Raktika
5/4
582.7048
Rudri
81/64
589.9886
D
587.3296
Shuddha Gandhar
Krodhi
4/3
621.5517
D#
622.2540
Shuddha Madhyam
Vajrika
27/20
629.3211
Prasarini
45/32
655.5428
E
659.2552
Tivra Madhyam
Priti
729/512
663.7371
Marjani
3/2
699.2457
F
698.4565
Pancham
Kshiti
128/81
736.6539
F#
739.9889
Komal Dhaivat
Rakta
8/5
745.8621
Sandipini
5/3
776.9397
Alapini
27/16
786.6514
G
783.9909
Shudddha Dhaivat
Madni
16/9
828.7356
G#
830.6095
Komal Nishad
Rohini
9/5
839.0948
Ramya
15/8
874.0571
Ugra
243/128
884.9828
A
880.0001
Shuddha Nishad
Kshobhini
2
932.3276
A#
932.3276
Shadja
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http://www.carnaticindia.com/carnatic_music.html